I. Khoom noj khoom haus yam
Kev siv cov khoom noj zoo dua: Lub siab - kub thiab siab - kev kho siab thaum lub sij hawm extrusion gelatinizes starch thiab denatures proteins. Piv txwv li, tom qab gelatinization, cov qauv molecular ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab hloov pauv, ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau cov ntses digestive enzymes kom zom nws. Qhov no zoo li qhov ua ntej "ua" ntawm cov zaub mov, cia cov ntses kom zoo dua nqus cov carbohydrates, yog li txhim kho lub zog siv tus nqi ntawm cov khoom noj.
Rau cov proteins, cov qauv denatured nthuav dav, ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau cov proteases hauv cov ntses cov hnyuv kom nkag mus rau peptide bonds ntawm cov protein, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev zom cov protein thiab nqus, ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov protein hauv cov khoom noj.
Khaws cov khoom noj khoom haus ruaj khov: Kev kho kub siab - thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov khoom noj extruded tua cov kab mob feem ntau, xws li kab mob, pwm, thiab cov qe kab mob. Qhov no zoo li "sterilizing" pub, txo cov khoom noj tsis zoo vim muaj cov kab mob microbial thaum khaws cia thiab kev thauj mus los. Piv txwv li, qee cov kab mob decompose cov as-ham xws li cov vitamins hauv pub, tab sis extruded pub zoo zam qhov no, yog li ua kom ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus.
Uniform Distribution of Nutrients: Thaum lub sij hawm extrusion txheej txheem, ntau yam raw khoom yog sib xyaw kom huv si nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim siab kub, siab siab, thiab mechanical shear force. Ib yam li kev sib xyaw ntau yam khoom noj sib npaug zoo li batter, cov txheej txheem no ua kom cov protein, rog, carbohydrates, vitamins, thiab minerals nyob rau hauv txhua extruded pub pellet sib npaug. Qhov no tiv thaiv cov ntses los ntawm cov neeg noj khoom noj thiab yog li zam tsis txaus lossis ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom noj.
II. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev
Zoo Floating thiab Suspension Properties: Ntau cov ntses extruded yog buoyant, uas yog qhov zoo heev rau cov ntses nyob hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov dej, xws li nyom carp thiab ntses bass thaj tsam. Cov zaub mov ntab saum npoo av ua rau nws yooj yim rau cov neeg ua liaj ua teb saib xyuas tus ntses noj tus cwj pwm thiab kho tus nqi pub mis raws li. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub pas dej aquaculture, cov neeg ua liaj ua teb tuaj yeem pom seb cov ntses puas nquag noj thiab seb puas muaj cov khoom noj uas tsis noj. Tsis tas li ntawd, floating feeds nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv dej rau lub sij hawm ntev, muab cov ntses txaus rau noj thiab txo cov sedimentation thiab pov tseg nyob rau hauv qab.
Qee cov extruded pub kuj muaj cov khoom raug tshem tawm; lawv tuaj yeem ncua ntawm qhov tob hauv dej, haum rau cov ntses ntawm cov txheej dej sib txawv. Piv txwv li, rau qee qhov nruab nrab - cov ntses dej xws li crucian carp, cov khoom noj uas raug tshem tawm yog nyob ze ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob, ua rau nws yooj yim rau lawv noj.
Uniform Particle Texture thiab High Palatability: Cov txheej txheem extrusion ua rau pub pellets nrog ib qho kev ntxhib los mos thiab du nto. Qhov kev ntxhib los mos zoo ib yam li muab ntses nrog "khoom noj khoom haus zoo," ua rau tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lawv lub qhov ncauj thiab cov hnyuv. Piv txwv li, lub qhov ncauj thiab lub plab zom mov ntawm qee cov ntses me me yog qhov tsis yooj yim, thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke extruded pub yooj yim dua rau lawv nqos thiab zom.
Tsis tas li ntawd, txheej txheem extrusion tsim tshwj xeeb aromas uas ua rau kom palatability, txhawb cov ntses qab los noj mov, thiab txhawb kom lawv nquag noj.
